There are all sorts of pests out there that you may deal with on a property, so it helps to have an insecticide that is not only effective but can successfully address a wide range of insects. One such product is Abamectin.
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Abamectin is a key active ingredient in several special insecticide products to treat cockroaches and ants. It is also popularly used in miticides and nematicides. Solutions Pest & Lawn is proud to carry products containing this powerful active ingredient, such as Abamectin .15EC Miticide. Learn more about this chemical and why it works so effectively to kill many different common pests.
Abamectin comes from the chemical class avermectins, also known as nerve poisons. Avermectins are derived from the soil microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis. These compounds are produced naturally in the soil as an actinomycete fungus. In the late s, scientists Merck & Co. first isolated it from soil samples collected in Japan. Of the four separate mixtures of avermectin, abamectin came from abamectin.
Abamectin is active at low rates against a broad range of agricultural, horticultural, and household insects and mites. It is low in toxicity to mammals and breaks down within 24 hours when exposed to light on unprotected surfaces.
Mode of Action
Abamectin affects insects' nerves by activating the chloride ion conductance mediated by the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In less scientific terms, the Abamectin paralyzes pests by interrupting the nervous system of targeted insects. This causes the insects to stop feeding, eventually starving themselves to death. Abamectin is slow-acting, allowing pests to return the active ingredient to their colony. Conversely, cockroaches do not take the pesticide back, but the poison is transferred via roach droppings.
Abamectin has been shown to kill target insects within 3 to 4 days of contact and achieve a domino effect in killing an entire colony or infestation by spreading the poison through contact or food sharing with the other insects in the population.
Abamectin is very effective as a miticide because of its residual effect. Repeated applications to plants damaged by mites may not be necessary because the product creates a protective barrier that will continue to be effective long after application.
Abamectin is not an instant-kill pesticide. It can take 2 to 4 days for a target pest to succumb to the effects of the active ingredient, so those looking for a fast resolution may think the product is not working after applying it. Patience is a must, as Abmectin is effective, but it takes some time to see results.
Avoid using Abamectin when you desire a quicker way to kill an insect infestation.
Abamectin is safe to use when applied according to label directions. The EPA has carefully evaluated Abamectin for its impact on people and the environment. While Abamectin can be toxic, most products that contain Abamectin in their formulation have low toxicity, so they will not harm people and different warm-blooded creatures, making them safe to handle. Abamectin is generally non-poisonous to birds; be that as it may, it is exceptionally lethal for bees and sea life such as fish. Be careful when applying to areas where bees are active or near bodies of water.
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When applied to plants, an Abamectin pesticide does not contaminate or ruin the crops because crops do not absorb it. It also quickly lessens in effect because of the sun. It is also safe to use around water systems because the chemical does not leach into groundwater and quickly debases when presented to water.
While applying abamectin, it is recommended that you always wear protective masks and avoid coming into contact with it through the skin. Wash hands thoroughly after use and wait for the leaves to dry before entering the area of application.
Abamectin is an effective pesticide because it is a slow-killing formula. This allows pests such as ants and cockroaches to consume the active ingredient and spread it to others in their colonies, resulting in a significant depletion or total elimination of the population.
Sometimes choosing the right product to manage a particular pest can be a daunting and risky task, especially when crops are close to harvest and an imposing outbreak sneaks up on you. One such pest that is sneaky are two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae; Figure 1). This microscopic pest can hang out in the crop or neighboring habitat and go unnoticed for a long time, just waiting for the perfect combination of crop growth stage and environmental conditions when it will explode in numbers and become a noticeable threat to the crop.
Here are the facts on spider mites. They have a wide host range, meaning they feed on more than 20 different species of plants. This makes limiting host plant availability as a means of control impossible. They can withstand a variety of environmental conditions and overwinter in sheltered environments in our region (greenhouses, high tunnel, etc.). Their main mechanism of dispersal is on the wind. Eggs are laid on fine silk webbing and under high populations this webbing resembles those produced by spiders, hence the common name. Depending on the environment, they can complete their life cycle in 5-20 days. Generally, the warmer it is the faster they develop. This rapid life cycle leads to an increase in the potential to develop resistance to pesticides applied to manage this pest. Mites feed on the plant at the cellular level, removing photosynthates and creating a stippling pattern on the leaves. This looks like white/yellow speckles on the upper surface of the leaves and on the underside you will see the pest and webbing (Figure 2).
The mites thrive in hot and dry weather, and therefore many of you may be noticing them in your crops beginning in July. There are a variety of products available for use to manage this pest, and careful consideration should be made. Below I will discuss four common products that are used in conventional production of cucurbit crops.
Oberon® (spiromesifen) is a contact pesticide effective against all development stages, however juveniles are more susceptible than adults. This product belongs to group 23 insecticides, according to the insecticide resistance action committee (IRAC) mode of action designation. Group 23 are growth inhibitors specifically preventing lipid biosynthesis leading to death. This is why adults are less susceptible, they are not growing nearly as much as the immature stages of this pest. Growth inhibitors can be slow acting; you should wait 4-10 days to evaluate mortality following the application. Thorough coverage is key.
Portal® (fenpyroximate) is a group 21A insecticide. It controls all mobile stages of mites by inhibiting cellular respiration in the mitochondrion of cells resulting in rapid cessation of all biological activities including feeding and reproduction. Feeding stops immediately after application and mortality can be observed within 3-7 days.
Zeal® (etoxale) is a group 10B insecticide, interrupting the production of chitin which is the substance that constitutes the exoskeleton of the pest. It is a growth inhibitor, like spiromesifen, but disrupting a different aspect of the growth process. It is predominately an ovicide (kills eggs) and larvicide (kills immatures). No more than one application per season and 3.0 oz per acre are allowed. Coverage is essential for good control and the water volume in the mix should be increased when making applications to mature plants or those with more compact foliage. Like group 23 products, group 10B is slow acting because it is interrupting development, i.e. progression into the next development stage is disrupted.
Agri-mek® (abamectin) is a group 6 insecticide. Products belonging to this group target nerves and muscles in the insect causing paralysis. This mode is generally fast acting, and you can see results in a short amount of time. Thorough spray coverage is key. Group 6 products are highly toxic to bees and should not be applied during bloom. An adjuvant must be used with application to avoid illegal crop residues.
Be sure to scout your crop and evaluate the level of infestation, development stage of the pest and progress of the crop when choosing a miticide. As always, follow the label directions for whichever product you choose; the label is the law.
Are you interested in learning more about Abamectin for plants? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!