Sika® Dust Seal SA is best applied when the surface of the soil is slightly damp. If binding soil is to be added, spreading should take place shortly afterwards. Under normal conditions, best results are obtained when the road surface is watered shortly before the spreading of Sika® Dust Seal SA. Watering should be as a light sprinkling of approximately 0.5 - 1.0 L of water per square meter.
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1. Grade the road to remove all corrugations and potholes, and to loosen the road surface material to the desired depth of penetration. Some roads work easier if a light application of Sika® Dust Seal SA is used before the first grading to soften the surface.
2. Blade most of the loose material into windrows on both sides of the road to prevent run-off of valuable Sika® Dust Seal SA and to assure uniform penetration into the surface.
3. After the windrows are formed Sika® Dust Seal SA is applied by spraying it onto the road from a tank truck. The rate of application may be regulated by valves or by truck speed with gravity flow equipment. Pressure regulated trucks can also be used. For best results Sika® Dust Seal SA should be thoroughly mixed with the soil. For stabilization of the top 70 - 80 mm of the road material, the following steps are commonly used to ensure good mixing:
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4. The road is now ready for the final forming. Since rapid surface drainage normally is important to treated roads, the best type of crown is a modified Type A slope to the road. This crown is also favourable when using Sika® Dust Seal SA though it is not critical. The rounded crown commonly used is not favourable for lignin treated roads, as it allows pools of water to collect on the relatively flat centre part of the road. This standing water can increase the plasticity of the road material to the point where traffic can cause potholes to develop.
5. After the final shaping and formulation of the A type crown, a top dressing of Sika® Dust Seal SA should be used to touch up any dry spots which may have been exposed during grading. This should be a relatively light spray, especially when the soil is wet, in order to avoid excess surface plasticity and run-off of valuable binder.
6. The final step is compaction. This is best done with a multiple wheeled roller, but very satisfactory results can be obtained by letting traffic do the compaction. Compaction should be done before Sika® Dust Seal SA dries, while the road material is still somewhat plastic. Sika® Dust Seal SA can also be used for stabilizing base courses prior to covering with the bituminous or concrete wearing mat, because it adds stability to the subsurface and useful life to the mat. In this case it is desirable to add aggregate and stabilize the top 250 - 300 mm of the road to provide a good and hard wearing surface. The strength of a well graded soil is increased in direct proportion to the quantity of Sika® Dust Seal SA added. Maximum strength improvement comes with between 2 and 3 % by weight of Sika® Dust Seal SA in the soil.
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